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위기에 빠진 중국 전기차: 현황·문제점·원인 진단

General Report June 7, 2025
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Executive Summary

  • The report titled '위기에 빠진 중국 전기차: 현황·문제점·원인 진단' explores the current state and challenges of China's electric vehicle (EV) industry, which holds a remarkable global market share of 62.2% as of April 2025. Despite substantial growth driven by favorable government policies and an expanding domestic consumer base, the industry faces significant challenges including a price war leading to profit erosion, and environmental and policy risks that could impinge on future sustainability. The analysis underscores the importance of strategic innovation, brand development, and international market expansion for long-term viability, amidst increasing pressure from economic downturns and competitive dynamics in the global market.

  • Critical findings include a 34.6% year-on-year increase in global EV registrations, with China's leading manufacturers like BYD successfully navigating both domestic sales growth and expanding exports. However, aggressive discounting strategies, particularly among top players, have sparked concerns about long-term profitability and market health. In light of ongoing internal competition and external economic pressures, the report highlights the need for stakeholders to adopt rigorous strategies to secure a resilient and sustainable future.

Introduction

  • The electric vehicle (EV) industry is at a pivotal moment, particularly in China, which has rapidly ascended to dominate the global market with a staggering 62.2% share as of early 2025. This impressive figure is not merely a testament to the advancements in technology and consumer acceptance; it reflects a complex interplay of government policies, market dynamics, and competitive forces that shape the path of this emergent sector. Yet, behind the veil of robust growth lies a myriad of challenges that could jeopardize the industry's sustainability and profitability.

  • Recent reports indicate that from January to April 2025, approximately 5.8 million EVs were registered globally—a 34.6% increase from the previous year. China, spearheaded by giants like BYD, has strategically leveraged government subsidies and improved charging infrastructure to stimulate consumer adoption. However, the thriving domestic market belies undercurrents of intense competition, where aggressive pricing strategies threaten to spiral into destructive discount wars, raising profound questions about the industry's future.

  • This report seeks to dissect the landscape of the Chinese EV market by examining its current state, identifying critical issues and underlying causes of the emerging crisis, and outlining potential pathways for recovery and sustainable growth. By scrutinizing data and expert insights across various facets—such as industry performance, profitability pressures, and external market risks—this analysis provides a comprehensive overview essential for stakeholders aiming to navigate the complexities of this rapidly evolving field.

산업 현황 및 성장 동력

  • 전 세계적으로 전기차(EV)의 수요가 폭발적으로 증가하고 있으며, 그 중심에는 중국이 있다. 2025년 6월, 중국은 전기차 등록 현황에서 세계 시장 점유율 62.2%를 기록하며 압도적인 입지를 확립하였다. 이러한 성장은 정부의 정책적 지원과 내수 시장의 저변 확대에 힘입어 가능했다. 그러나 기회를 넘어서, 중국 전기차 산업은 현재 치열한 경쟁과 내부적 위기에 직면해 있다. 이 보고서는 최근의 통계와 시장 구조를 분석하여 현황을 진단하고, 지속 가능한 성장을 위한 방향과 전략을 모색하고자 한다.

  • 1~4월 글로벌 전기차 등록현황 및 중국 점유율

  • 2025년 1월부터 4월까지 전 세계에서 등록된 전기차는 약 580만 대에 달하며, 이는 전년 대비 약 34.6% 증가한 수치이다. 중국의 차량 등록 대수는 62.2%를 차지하여, 세계 시장에서 가장 큰 비중을 나타내고 있다. BYD는 이러한 흐름 속에서 약 124만2000대를 판매하며 글로벌 판매량 1위를 유지하고 있다.

  • 중국의 전기차 판매 급증은 다수의 요인에 기인한다. 먼저, 정부의 세금 환급과 보조금 제도는 소비자에게 매력적인 혜택을 제공하였다. 또한, 저렴한 가격으로 경쟁력 있는 모델을 시장에 공급하는 내수 브랜드의 생산 확대가 시장 점유율을 높였다. 특히 지리 자동차와 체리 등의 제조업체도 전년 대비 대폭 성장한 판매량을 기록하며 시장에서 자신들의 입지를 강화하고 있다.

  • 내수 판매 증가 추이와 수출 물량

  • 중국 내수 전기차 판매는 올해 1~4월 동안 각각 10.8% 증가하며, 지난 2022년 처음으로 1000만 대를 넘어섰다. BYD를 비롯한 여러 기업들은 전년 동기 대비 판매량이 증가하면서도, 동시에 내수 시장의 침체에 따른 장기적인 생존 전략도 모색하고 있다.

  • 특히 관심을 끌었던 점은 BYD의 방대한 수출 물량이다. 올해 1분기 동안 BYD는 8만9000대의 전기차를 수출하여, 글로벌 시장에서도 두각을 나타냈다. 이는 해외 시장에서의 입지를 강화하기 위한 전략으로, 다양한 브랜드의 모델이 성공적으로 자리 잡고 있다는 사실을 보여준다.

  • 정부 보조금, 충전 인프라 확충 정책

  • 중국 정부는 전기차 산업의 성장을 지원하기 위해 다양한 정책을 실행하고 있다. 전기차 구매 시 제공되는 보조금은 최대 1만 위안에 달하며, 오래된 차량을 교체할 경우 추가 보너스가 지급된다. 이러한 정책은 소비자들의 구매욕구를 증대시켜 전기차의 보급을 가속화하고 있다.

  • 충전 인프라 확충 또한 필수적인 요소로, 지난 몇 년간 중국 전역에 걸쳐 수천 개의 충전소가 설치되었다. 이는 전기차 사용자에게 필요한 충전 시설을 제공하고, 전기차의 효용성을 더욱 높이는 데 기여하고 있다.

  • BYD·지리·체리 등 주요 기업별 판매 실적

  • BYD는 올해 1~4월간 산업 내 1위의 입지를 유지하며, 다양한 모델을 통해 소비자의 다양한 요구를 충족시키고 있다. 특히, 최근 출시된 하이브리드 전용 모델은 큰 인기를 얻고 있으며, 지리와 체리 또한 각각 46%와 15.2% 매출 증가를 기록하며 시장에서의 입지를 강화하고 있다.

  • 기존의 강자 외에도 새롭게 등장한 신생 전기차 기업들이 판매량에서 저조하지 않다는 사실은 주목할 만하다. 예를 들어, 리프모터는 놀라운 148%의 성장을 보였으며, 이는 소비자들의 다양한 선택지를 필요로 하는 현대 자동차 시장에서의 경쟁력 확보에 기여하고 있다.

출혈 경쟁과 수익성 압박

  • The intense competition in China’s electric vehicle (EV) market has spiraled into a perilous price war, posing a substantial threat to profitability across the sector. As major players rapidly decrease vehicle prices, this aggressive approach is not merely a tactic to capture market share; it symbolizes a dramatic shift in the industry dynamics where the balance between growth and profitability hangs precariously. Amidst ongoing economic uncertainties and shifting consumer demands, understanding the implications of these discount wars is paramount for stakeholders aiming to navigate this tumultuous landscape.

  • Recent data from the first quarter of 2025 highlights that while the number of EV registrations continues to increase, propelled by government incentives and a vibrant consumer interest, the underlying issues of profitability are becoming more pronounced. The strategic discounting employed by leading manufacturers, notably BYD, has triggered a chain reaction, leaving the automotive sector at a critical juncture where the path forward demands careful consideration and strategic foresight.

  • 할인 경쟁 심화 사례: BYD·지리·체리의 대규모 할인

  • The recent actions of leading Chinese EV manufacturers—BYD, Geely, and Chery—underscore the escalating discount competition in the industry. BYD, a titan in the EV sector, has taken the lead by implementing substantial price cuts across its range. For example, the Seagull, an affordable electric hatchback, has seen prices drop to approximately 58, 000 yuan (about $8, 300), reflecting a discount of more than 30%. This aggressive pricing strategy not only aims to boost sales but also reflects desperation amidst a crowded market and waning consumer confidence as China grapples with economic pressures.

  • Geely has also joined the fray, introducing competitive pricing models for their electric sedan and SUV offerings. Chery, similarly, has slashed prices across its electric vehicle lineup, responding to market pressures and the need to maintain sales momentum. This collective move towards widespread discounting aims to safeguard market share; however, it raises significant concerns about long-term sustainability. Industry analysts warn that such practices may lead to a race to the bottom, where profit margins thin perilously, jeopardizing the financial health of these companies.

  • This situation has resulted in a wider analysis of the industry's structural integrity. According to the China Passenger Car Association, over 227 models saw significant price reductions last year alone, exemplifying the extent of this trend. While initial sales figures may seem promising, the hidden costs of such discounting cannot be ignored as they create a scenario where growth comes at the price of long-term viability.

  • 국고 보조금 축소와 제조사 자체 할인 확대

  • China's electric vehicle market has thrived largely due to government subsidies that encouraged consumer purchases. However, recent adjustments to these incentives have sparked a sense of urgency among manufacturers. As the government increasingly tightens the purse strings on subsidies, companies are finding themselves compelled to enhance their discount strategies to maintain demand. The average subsidy for electric vehicle purchases, once around 10, 000 yuan (~$1, 400), has significantly decreased, forcing firms to absorb more of the pricing pressure themselves.

  • This shift creates a precarious situation. Manufacturers are supplementing the diminished subsidies with their own incentives. BYD, for instance, has not only reduced prices but has also distribution deals that promise further savings for consumers. Such dual strategies are intended to stave off a potentially devastating drop in sales but may inadvertently entrench a culture of underpricing that could spiral out of control. The risk lies in the potential dilution of brand value and consumer perception, where vehicles become associated more with low prices than with high-quality innovation.

  • Analysts have noted that China's focus on exporting its electric vehicle technology as a means to recoup losses from domestic price wars adds complexity. If domestic price undercutting persists, it threatens to reverberate through international markets, arguably risking trade tensions as countries like the USA and EU counter with tariffs aimed at protecting their own automotive industries. This evolving scenario underscores the delicate balance between domestic growth strategies and the broader implications of international trade policy.

  • 수익성 악화, 내부 비판 및 자성 목소리

  • Despite the apparent growth in sales volume, the profitability of electric vehicle manufacturers is under significant strain. Notably, BYD's recent decisions to implement extensive cost-cutting measures, including substantial vehicle price reductions, have triggered internal calls for caution. Company analysts and executives are increasingly sounding alarms about the unsustainable nature of such aggressive pricing wars. Internal reports highlight concerns that continuous erosion of profit margins could lead to severe financial instability in the longer term.

  • The data tell a stark story; according to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, automotive manufacturing profits fell by 8% last year, indicating a troubling trend amidst increasing revenues from sales. The profit margin in the automotive sector dipped to a meager 3.9% by the first quarter of 2025, far below the industrial average of 5.4%. The realization that companies may be risking long-term survival for short-term market gains has ignited a movement within the industry to reassess pricing strategies and cultivate a more sustainable business model.

  • Industry experts have urged manufacturers to shift their focus from sheer volume to value proposition, advocating for innovation and differentiation over competitive price slashing. This refrain echoes throughout the industry, demanding a collective reassessment of approaches to avoid detrimental consequences akin to those experienced during past market downturns. The threat posed by 'involution'—a term that denotes excessive internal competition—poses a risk not just for individuals companies but also for the broader ecosystem, potentially leading to a crisis akin to those seen in other sectors affected by overzealous competition.

외부 환경 변화와 정책 리스크

  • In an era of accelerating transformation, the external environment shapes industries in profound ways. The electric vehicle (EV) sector in China stands at a crossroads, challenged by global economic downturns, fluctuating interest rates, and evolving policy landscapes. Understanding these multifaceted dynamics is crucial, as they not only influence consumer behavior but also pose significant risks that could hinder market growth and sustainability.

  • As we delve into the intricacies of these external factors, it becomes evident that the intersection of global economic conditions and domestic policies can create a turbulent environment for the EV industry. These challenges necessitate strategic foresight and adaptability among stakeholders. Failure to navigate these complexities can exacerbate vulnerabilities, leaving companies ill-prepared in a highly competitive marketplace.

  • 글로벌 경기 둔화·금리 인상에 따른 소비 위축

  • The global economic landscape is undergoing a significant transformation marked by a persistent slowdown and a rise in interest rates. According to recent analyses, the anticipated reduction in economic growth across major markets—including the United States and Europe—may contribute to a contractions in consumer spending, significantly impacting the EV sector. For example, the decrease in consumer confidence and purchasing power will likely lead to reduced demand for high-value items such as electric vehicles, which are not yet deemed essential compared to traditional vehicles.

  • Recent data suggests that as inflation continues to erode discretionary income, consumers are increasingly cautious about their expenditures. A survey by a leading market research firm revealed that 60% of consumers are more reluctant to invest in non-essential products, including electric vehicles, with a significant portion of respondents citing economic uncertainty as a primary concern. This behavioral shift presents a challenge for manufacturers reliant on steady demand to maintain competitive pricing and volumes.

  • Moreover, the impact of rising interest rates cannot be overstated. Higher rates translate to increased borrowing costs, which can dissuade potential EV buyers from financing their purchases. As a result, financing agreements become less attractive, leading to a decrease in new registrations and overall market stagnation. Experts predict that if this trend persists, it may jeopardize the aggressive growth ambitions of Chinese manufacturers, forcing them to explore new markets or risk diminished returns domestically.

  • 미국·유럽의 관세·보조금 정책 변화(IRA, EU 관세 검토)

  • The evolving landscape of tariffs and subsidies in major markets like the United States and Europe presents another layer of complexity for the Chinese EV sector. The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in the U.S. has fundamentally shifted the financial landscape for electric vehicle manufacturers by imposing new standards on the sourcing of critical minerals and manufacturing processes. Compliance with these regulations is key for companies aiming to benefit from government incentives, yet they represent a significant challenge for many manufacturers.

  • European markets confront their own hurdles, with ongoing discussions surrounding potential tariffs on imported electric vehicles. The European Union’s strategy aims to protect local industry from foreign competition, potentially exacerbating market access challenges for Chinese companies. The ramifications of such policy shifts are profound, as they could limit Chinese automakers’ market penetration efforts in these strategic regions. International trade dynamics and bilateral relations will play a pivotal role in shaping the competitive landscape moving forward.

  • Furthermore, as both American and European markets reconsider their subsidy structures, a critical trade-off emerges between promoting sustainable transportation and fostering local industries. Stakeholders must remain agile, adapting to regulatory changes while pursuing cost efficiencies to ensure that they can compete effectively in an evolving marketplace. For Chinese EV manufacturers, understanding the nuances of these legislative measures is essential for formulating strategies that mitigate potential risks and leverage opportunities.

  • 내수 시장 정체와 재고 증가 문제

  • Challenges within the domestic market have further compounded these external pressures, manifesting as stagnation and inventory build-up. Reports indicate that despite increased production capacities, EV manufacturers in China are facing significant hurdles in clearing existing stock. The rise in inventory levels—reported to have surged by over 30% compared to the previous year—highlights a discord between supply and demand dynamics. Many manufacturers are left grappling with unsold vehicles, necessitating discount strategies that could erode profit margins.

  • This scenario prompts a critical examination of market strategies and consumer engagement practices. The influx of low-cost EVs has intensified price competition, creating a challenging environment where profit margins shrink and operational sustainability becomes increasingly precarious. Analysts note that the rapid proliferation of models combined with diminishing consumer appetite has led to an oversaturated market, compelling manufacturers to rethink their product offerings and marketing tactics.

  • To counteract this stagnation, companies are encouraged to seek innovative approaches that focus both on product differentiation and strengthening customer relationships. Moreover, addressing consumer concerns about the practicality and value of electric vehicles will be paramount. Targeted marketing campaigns that emphasize the long-term savings associated with EV ownership, as well as investments in customer services, may help rekindle interest and drive sales. Without a proactive approach, the domestic market's current state could lead to significant long-term repercussions for the sector.

구조조정 조짐과 향후 전망

  • As the global electric vehicle (EV) market races toward unprecedented growth, an undercurrent of anxiety ripples through the burgeoning Chinese EV industry. The remarkable success of companies like BYD, which have surged ahead in sales, masks a reality characterized by intense competition and looming threats. Predatory pricing strategies, aggressive expansion, and the shadow of bankruptcy loom large over smaller and newer companies struggling to carve out their niche. This increasingly precarious landscape necessitates a critical examination of the factors leading to potential restructuring and the strategic paths that companies may take to ensure long-term viability. A thorough understanding of these dynamics not only illustrates the current state of the industry but also highlights the intricate balance between opportunity and risk that defines the future of electric mobility in China.

  • In the wake of swift advancements and market upheaval, the imperative for innovation and strategic foresight has never been greater. Amid the chatter of booming sales and cutting-edge technology, the specter of inevitable restructuring emerges, suggesting that the current phase of growth may be a double-edged sword. The exploration of the ongoing structural changes in this market provides insights into the challenges faced by industry players and underscores the necessity for robust survival strategies. As the landscape shifts, understanding the harbingers of restructuring and the potential directions moving forward becomes crucial for stakeholders navigating this complex field.

  • 중소·신생 전기차업체 도산·퇴출 조짐

  • The ascent of Chinese EV manufacturers has not been without its costs. Reports indicate rising concerns over the financial stability of smaller and newer entrants to the market, many of whom are beginning to exhibit signs of distress. Competitive pressures have led to aggressive pricing strategies, often resulting in significant discounts that erode profit margins. As highlighted in a recent analysis, brands such as BYD and Geely have resorted to deep discounting strategies, at times exceeding 30% off retail prices, to stimulate sales. This practice, while temporarily boosting sales volumes, raises critical questions about sustainability within the industry. Companies that previously enjoyed rapid growth now find themselves straddled with massive debts and deteriorating financial health, leading to an alarming rise in the risk of bankruptcy.

  • Similar to the property market's turmoil seen with firms like Evergrande, the automotive sector now appears susceptible to analogous fiscal upheaval. Just as Evergrande's struggles were emblematic of broader economic issues, so too are the pitfalls faced by smaller EV manufacturers reflective of systemic vulnerabilities within the automotive ecosystem. For instance, the practice of selling new cars as used—often with '0 km' on the odometer—points to severe inefficiencies and potentially deceptive practices that aggravate the challenge of market stability. The future viability of these entities is in jeopardy, threatening to weaken the competitive structure of the sector and raising the specter of increased consolidation.

  • Ultimately, understanding the precursors to potential failures will be vital for both investors and policymakers. As the industry grapples with the fallout of rapid growth and competitive strain, the need for tailored support mechanisms and financial restructuring programs becomes essential for fostering a more resilient ecosystem.

  • 업계 재편 움직임과 공급망 집중화

  • As the Chinese EV industry continues to undergo transformation, the concept of supply chain centralization emerges as both a strategic necessity and a response to the tumultuous market landscape. With larger players like BYD and Tesla setting aggressive growth targets, smaller manufacturers are finding it increasingly difficult to forge their paths. This competitive imbalance is prompting a shift towards industry consolidation, where mergers and acquisitions may become the prevailing trend as companies seek to bolster their market positions and achieve economies of scale. Such a trend would not only reshape the competitive landscape but also redefine supply chain dynamics across the industry.

  • The centralization of supply chains highlights another dimension of the industry's evolution – the necessity to enhance operational efficiencies. As companies streamline their operations, they aim to mitigate risks associated with supply chain disruptions that have become painfully evident through recent geopolitical tensions and health crises. This restructuring is critical in fostering resilience against future challenges and ensuring that companies can fulfill customer demands promptly and reliably. Additionally, the emergence of core partnerships—particularly with battery producers and technology developers—will be pivotal in securing competitive advantages.

  • Furthermore, strategic moves to strengthen domestic supply chains could potentially lessen reliance on foreign suppliers, thereby safeguarding the industry from international disruptions. This reorganization not only aims to bolster the reliability and robustness of the supply chain but may also serve to foster innovation, as companies collaborate more closely with their partners. The need for a flexible, strong, and integrated supply chain cannot be overstated as the industry pivots and adapts in anticipation of further market developments.

  • 장기 생존을 위한 기술·브랜드·해외 진출 전략

  • For long-term viability, Chinese EV manufacturers must embrace a trilateral strategy focusing on technological advancement, brand development, and international expansion. By investing in cutting-edge research and development efforts, companies can ensure that they remain at the forefront of innovation in an intensely competitive market. This emphasis on technology not only includes advancements in battery technology, such as solid-state batteries, which promise higher energy density and safety but also extends to the incorporation of artificial intelligence and autonomous driving capabilities, critical differentiators in the rapidly evolving EV landscape.

  • Branding emerges as another key pillar within the strategic framework. As new models proliferate in the EV sector, establishing a recognizable and reputable brand becomes essential for attracting and retaining consumer trust. Companies must focus on not only the product quality but also on creating an emotional resonance with consumers through strategic marketing, endorsements, and sustainable practices. Over time, building a strong, reliable brand identity will play a crucial role in counterbalancing the threat posed by aggressive competitors entering the marketplace.

  • International expansion remains the final strategic frontier for achieving sustained growth. Companies that partook in export diversification during the initial phases of market development must now capitalize on international market trends and consumer preferences. In particular, opportunities in Europe and the Americas, where demand for EVs continues to rise, present fresh avenues for revenue generation. By establishing a presence in these lucrative markets, firms can enhance their global influence and prepare to weather domestic instability. In doing so, they must remain cognizant of divergent regulatory environments and consumer expectations, tailoring their strategies to address these unique requirements.

  • The intersection of these three strategic components—technological innovation, robust branding, and proactive international expansion—will ultimately dictate the fate of Chinese EV manufacturers in a highly competitive and ever-changing global landscape. Understanding and effectively implementing these strategies will be essential to navigating the complexities of the future and seizing the opportunities that lie ahead.

Conclusion

  • The examination of China's electric vehicle (EV) industry reveals an intricate web of opportunities and serious threats. While the country proudly stands at the forefront of global EV adoption, the growing prevalence of discount-driven competition poses a significant risk to the profitability and long-term health of the market. As emerging players struggle to establish themselves amidst these pressures, larger manufacturers face their own battles to maintain market share without succumbing to unsustainable pricing strategies.

  • Moving forward, innovation in technology, strategic branding, and exploration of international markets will be pivotal for Chinese EV manufacturers. Emphasizing quality amidst aggressive competition may not only enhance brand loyalty but also align with global sustainability trends that increasingly influence consumer choices. Addressing external factors such as fluctuating economic conditions and evolving regulatory environments will require proactive strategies that ensure preparedness and resilience.

  • In conclusion, the future trajectory of the EV sector in China hinges on a delicate balance between growth and sustainability. Stakeholders must embrace structural changes, operational efficiencies, and collaborative efforts within the industry to navigate the impending waves of restructuring and maintain a competitive edge. Ultimately, the lessons learned from ongoing market dynamics will be instrumental in shaping the narrative of China's electric mobility journey, underscoring the need for adaptability and strategic foresight in an ever-changing global landscape.

Glossary

  • 전기차 (Electric Vehicle, EV): 전기차는 전기를 동력으로 사용하는 자동차로, 종종 배터리 또는 하이브리드 시스템을 통해 구동된다. 배출가스가 없고, 지속 가능성을 추구하는 현대 모빌리티의 중요한 부분이다.
  • 보조금 (Subsidy): 정부가 특정 산업 또는 소비를 증진하기 위해 제공하는 금전적 지원으로, 전기차 구매 시 소비자에게 제공된다. 이는 소비의 촉진과 해당 산업의 성장을 목표로 한다.
  • 이익구조 (Profit Structure): 기업의 수익원과 비용 구조를 설명하는 개념으로, 가격 전쟁의 영향을 통해 이익 마진과 회사의 지속 가능성을 분석하는 데 중요하다.
  • 할인 경쟁 (Discount Competition): 상대 기업들의 가격 인하로 인해 발생하는 경쟁으로, 이는 소비자에게 이익을 가져오지만 회사의 이익에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있다.
  • 구조조정 (Restructuring): 기업이나 산업이 경제적, 재무적 이유로 사업 구조를 다시 구성하여 효율성을 높이고 지속 가능성을 확보하기 위한 과정을 의미한다.
  • 글로벌 경기 둔화 (Global Economic Slowdown): 전 세계적으로 경제 성장률이 감소하는 현상으로, 이는 소비자 지출과 기업의 매출에 영향 미쳐 전기차와 같은 산업에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있다.
  • 수익성 압박 (Profitability Pressure): 비용 상승 또는 경쟁 심화로 인해 기업의 이익률이 감소하는 상황을 의미하며, 가격 전쟁을 통해 더욱 두드러질 수 있다.
  • 충전 인프라 (Charging Infrastructure): 전기차 사용자들이 차량을 충전할 수 있는 설비와 네트워크를 의미하며, 그 확장은 전기차 보급의 중요한 요소로 작용한다.
  • 시장 점유율 (Market Share): 특정 제품이나 서비스가 전체 시장에서 차지하는 비율로, 나타내는 이익과 경쟁력을 평가하는 데 중요한 지표이다.
  • 자동차 제조사 (Automotive Manufacturer): 차량을 설계, 제작 및 판매하는 회사를 의미하며, 전기차 시장에서는 BYD, 지리, 체리 등의 기업이 주요 플레이어로 나타난다.
  • 세금 환급 (Tax Rebate): 특정 조건을 만족하는 소비자에게 정부가 납부한 세금을 부분적으로返還하는 정책으로, 전기차 구매 시에 적용될 수 있다.
  • 전고체 배터리 (Solid-State Battery): 액체 전해질 대신 고체 전해질을 사용하는 배터리 기술로, 전기차의 에너지 밀도와 안전성을 높이는 데 기여할 것으로 기대되고 있다.

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